An examination of the relationship between physical activity and obesity in Kaduna State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Obesity is a growing public health challenge globally, and its prevalence is increasingly observed in Kaduna State. Physical activity is recognized as a key modifiable factor in maintaining healthy body weight and preventing obesity. In Kaduna, rapid urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and changes in dietary habits contribute to an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Studies suggest that insufficient physical activity is directly linked to increased body mass index (BMI) and related health complications such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (Chinwe, 2023; Adebola & Lawal, 2024). Despite public health campaigns promoting active lifestyles, many residents continue to lead sedentary lives due to environmental constraints, lack of recreational facilities, and cultural factors. This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity levels and obesity rates among adults in Kaduna State. By combining quantitative measures of physical activity with anthropometric assessments, the research seeks to provide insights into how increasing physical activity could reduce obesity prevalence and improve overall health.
Statement of the Problem
In Kaduna State, the prevalence of obesity is on the rise, largely due to declining levels of physical activity among residents. Urbanization and changes in work patterns have led to an increase in sedentary behavior, with few opportunities for regular exercise. This trend is particularly concerning given the associated health risks, including metabolic disorders and cardiovascular complications. Despite existing health promotion efforts, the uptake of physical activity remains low, and the link between physical inactivity and obesity is not well quantified in this region. Furthermore, there is a lack of tailored interventions that address the unique barriers to exercise faced by the population. This study seeks to address these issues by systematically examining the relationship between physical activity and obesity, identifying the key factors that limit engagement in regular exercise, and exploring the potential for targeted interventions to promote a more active lifestyle.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the levels of physical activity among adults in Kaduna State.
2. To examine the association between physical inactivity and obesity prevalence.
3. To recommend strategies for promoting physical activity as a means to reduce obesity.
Research Questions
1. What are the current physical activity levels among adults in Kaduna State?
2. How is physical inactivity related to obesity prevalence in this population?
3. What interventions can effectively promote physical activity to reduce obesity?
Research Hypotheses
1. Lower levels of physical activity are significantly associated with higher obesity rates.
2. Sedentary behavior is a major predictor of increased BMI in adults.
3. Community-based physical activity programs will lead to a significant reduction in obesity prevalence.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on adult populations in both urban and semi-urban areas of Kaduna State. Data will be gathered through self-reported activity questionnaires, BMI measurements, and focus group discussions. Limitations include potential reporting bias and seasonal variations in physical activity patterns.
Definitions of Terms
• Physical Activity: Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure.
• Obesity: A condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, often measured by BMI.
• Sedentary Behavior: Activities that involve little physical movement and low energy expenditure.
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